Ectopic Pregnancy Despite Negative Test Results
Ectopic Pregnancy Despite Negative Test Results When it comes to pregnancy, a negative test result is often seen as a sigh of relief for many women. But what if we told you that there is a condition called ectopic pregnancy, which can occur even with a negative pregnancy test? It’s important to understand the signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for ectopic pregnancy to protect your health and well-being.
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes. This can happen even if a pregnancy test shows negative results. The test might not detect the pregnancy because the hormone levels typically associated with pregnancy are not at a detectable level in the blood or urine.
Early signs of ectopic pregnancy may include abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and shoulder pain. These symptoms can easily be mistaken for normal pregnancy symptoms or other conditions, making it crucial to be aware of the warning signs that may indicate an ectopic pregnancy.
Get Free Consultation
ACIBADEM Health Point: The Future of Healthcare
We believe that everyone deserves access to quality healthcare, which is why we have established multiple branches in strategic locations. Whether you're in need of routine check-ups, specialized treatments, or emergency care, ACIBADEM Health Point is here for you.Contrary to popular belief, a negative pregnancy test does not rule out the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy. In fact, in some cases, a woman may experience symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy without the typical rise in hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) levels that would trigger a positive test result. This is known as a “pregnancy of unknown location.”
It’s essential to recognize the symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy, which can include lower abdominal pain, pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, shoulder pain, and lightheadedness. If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to seek medical attention promptly.
Diagnosing an ectopic pregnancy involves a combination of physical exams, blood tests, and imaging studies like ultrasound. Early detection is crucial to prevent complications and ensure appropriate treatment.
ACIBADEM Health Point: Your Health is Our Priority!
ACIBADEM Health Point, we are dedicated to providing exceptional healthcare services to our patients. With a team of highly skilled medical professionals and state-of-the-art facilities, we strive to deliver the highest standard of care to improve the health and well-being of our patients. What sets ACIBADEM Health Point apart is our patient-centered approach. We prioritize your comfort, safety, and satisfaction throughout your healthcare journey. Our compassionate staff ensures that you receive personalized care tailored to your unique needs, making your experience with us as seamless and comfortable as possible.Several risk factors increase the chances of developing an ectopic pregnancy, such as a history of pelvic inflammatory disease, previous ectopic pregnancy, tubal surgery, or fertility treatments. Understanding these risk factors can help individuals assess their own risk and take necessary precautions.
Treatment options for ectopic pregnancy depend on various factors, including the size and location of the pregnancy, a woman’s overall health, and her desire for future pregnancies. In some cases, medication can be used to dissolve the pregnancy, while in more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the ectopic pregnancy.
Without timely intervention, ectopic pregnancies can lead to severe complications such as ruptured fallopian tubes, internal bleeding, and even loss of fertility. Early detection and appropriate treatment are vital to prevent these potential complications.
While it is not always possible to prevent an ectopic pregnancy, understanding the risk factors and taking steps to maintain overall reproductive health can help reduce the chances of it occurring. Regular check-ups, practicing safe sex, and using contraception methods correctly can all contribute to preventing ectopic pregnancies.
The Acibadem Healthcare Group is a renowned healthcare provider specializing in women’s health and reproductive medicine. With a team of experts and state-of-the-art facilities, Acibadem offers comprehensive care for women experiencing ectopic pregnancy and related conditions.
Overall, raising awareness and educating individuals about ectopic pregnancy is crucial to ensure early detection and proper treatment. If you suspect you may have an ectopic pregnancy, don’t hesitate to seek medical help and support. Remember, your health and well-being are of utmost importance.
Early Signs of Ectopic Pregnancy
An ectopic pregnancy can be a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. Recognizing the early signs and symptoms can help ensure timely intervention and reduce the risk of complications. While some symptoms may resemble those of a normal pregnancy, there are specific warning signs to watch out for. It’s important to be aware of these signs to differentiate between a typical pregnancy and a potential ectopic pregnancy.
Pelvic Pain: One of the early signs of an ectopic pregnancy is pelvic pain, which can range from mild to severe. The pain may be localized on one side of the abdomen or in the pelvis and may worsen with movement or physical activity.
Vaginal Bleeding: Vaginal bleeding that is lighter or heavier than a normal period can also indicate an ectopic pregnancy. This bleeding may be accompanied by discomfort or pain in the pelvis.
Shoulder Pain: Shoulder pain can sometimes be a less common but significant symptom of an ectopic pregnancy. This pain may be felt on one side of the body and may be a result of internal bleeding irritating the diaphragm.
Missed Period: While missing a period can be a sign of pregnancy, it is important to note that in the case of an ectopic pregnancy, a woman may still experience a negative pregnancy test result. This is because the pregnancy hormone (hCG) levels may be too low to be detected by a home pregnancy test.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms: Some women with ectopic pregnancies may also experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation. These symptoms can sometimes be mistaken for a stomach bug or other digestive issues.
If you experience any of these early signs of ectopic pregnancy, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately. Only a healthcare professional can accurately diagnose an ectopic pregnancy through a comprehensive evaluation, including a physical examination, ultrasound, and blood tests.
Can an Ectopic Pregnancy Cause a Negative Test?
One of the common misconceptions about ectopic pregnancy is that a negative pregnancy test rules out the possibility of its occurrence. However, this is not always the case. An ectopic pregnancy can indeed result in a negative test result, leading to confusion and delayed diagnosis.
Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, typically in the fallopian tubes. As the pregnancy progresses, the embryo grows and can cause the fallopian tube to rupture, which can be life-threatening. Timely diagnosis and intervention are crucial to prevent complications and preserve the health of the woman.
So, why does an ectopic pregnancy sometimes yield a negative test result? The answer lies in the hormone responsible for producing a positive pregnancy test, known as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). In a normal pregnancy, hCG levels rise rapidly and can be detected by a home pregnancy test. However, in an ectopic pregnancy, hCG production may be slower or lower than in a normal pregnancy, leading to a negative test result despite the presence of an ectopic pregnancy.
It’s important to note that not all ectopic pregnancies will result in a negative test. In some cases, the hCG levels may still rise sufficiently to be detected by a pregnancy test, resulting in a positive result. Therefore, if you experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, or shoulder pain, it’s crucial to seek medical attention regardless of the results of a home pregnancy test.
Ectopic pregnancies are typically diagnosed through a combination of clinical signs, symptoms, and diagnostic tests. A pelvic examination, transvaginal ultrasound, and blood tests to measure hCG levels are often used to determine the presence and location of the pregnancy.
Early detection and prompt medical intervention are essential in managing ectopic pregnancies. If an ectopic pregnancy is suspected, treatment options may include medication or surgery to remove the ectopic pregnancy and preserve the woman’s fertility.
In conclusion, a negative pregnancy test does not always rule out the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy. It is essential to be aware of the symptoms and seek medical attention if you experience any signs of an ectopic pregnancy, regardless of the result of a home pregnancy test.
Ectopic Pregnancy Symptoms
Recognizing the symptoms of ectopic pregnancy is crucial for early intervention and treatment. Symptoms may vary depending on the stage of pregnancy and the location of the ectopic pregnancy. Here are the common signs to watch out for:
- Abdominal pain: Persistent and sharp pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic region.
- Vaginal bleeding: Light to heavy vaginal bleeding that may resemble a period.
- Missed period: An absence of menstruation when it is expected.
- Shoulder pain: Unexplained shoulder pain that may be caused by internal bleeding.
- Dizziness or fainting: Feeling lightheaded or faint due to blood loss.
- Nausea and vomiting: Persistent nausea and vomiting that may be accompanied by abdominal pain.
- Painful urination or bowel movements: Discomfort or pain while urinating or during bowel movements.
It’s important to note that these symptoms can mimic those of a normal pregnancy or other gynecological conditions, making it necessary to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis. Prompt medical attention is crucial as untreated ectopic pregnancies can lead to serious complications.
Symptom | Description |
---|---|
Abdominal pain | Persistent and sharp pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic region. |
Vaginal bleeding | Light to heavy vaginal bleeding that may resemble a period. |
Missed period | An absence of menstruation when it is expected. |
Shoulder pain | Unexplained shoulder pain that may be caused by internal bleeding. |
Dizziness or fainting | Feeling lightheaded or faint due to blood loss. |
Nausea and vomiting | Persistent nausea and vomiting that may be accompanied by abdominal pain. |
Painful urination or bowel movements | Discomfort or pain while urinating or during bowel movements. |
How is an Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosed?
Diagnosing an ectopic pregnancy is crucial for timely intervention and avoiding complications. Medical evaluation plays a vital role in identifying this condition, and various diagnostic methods are employed to achieve an accurate diagnosis.
Here are the different tests that may be conducted to diagnose an ectopic pregnancy:
- Pelvic Exam: During a pelvic exam, healthcare providers check for any tenderness, swelling, or abnormal masses in the pelvic area that may indicate an ectopic pregnancy.
- Transvaginal Ultrasound: This imaging technique enables visualization of the fallopian tubes and abdominal cavity, allowing doctors to look for signs of an ectopic pregnancy.
- Blood Tests: Measuring hormone levels, such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), can help in the diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy. In an ectopic pregnancy, the hCG levels may be lower than expected or may rise more slowly than in a normal pregnancy.
- Progesterone Levels: Low progesterone levels may suggest an ectopic pregnancy.
- Laparoscopy: In some cases, a laparoscopy may be performed, which involves inserting a thin, lighted tube through a small incision in the abdomen to directly visualize the pelvic organs.
- MRI or CT Scans: In complex cases or to detect unusual presentations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans may be used to obtain more detailed images.
It’s important to note that the specific diagnostic methods used may vary depending on the individual case and the healthcare provider’s expertise. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are key to ensuring appropriate treatment and minimizing potential complications.
Ectopic Pregnancy Risk Factors
Understanding the risk factors associated with ectopic pregnancy is crucial for early detection and preventive measures. Certain factors can increase the likelihood of developing an ectopic pregnancy, both in reproductive and non-reproductive contexts.
Reproductive Risk Factors:
- Prior history of ectopic pregnancy
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Previous tubal surgery or other pelvic surgeries
- Scarring or damage to the fallopian tubes
- Endometriosis
- Fertility treatments such as IVF
- Age above 35
- Smoking
Non-Reproductive Risk Factors:
- Smoking
- Having an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception
- Previous abdominal surgery
- Being from a lower socioeconomic background
- Use of certain medications, such as fertility drugs
- Chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension
- Pelvic infections or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
It’s important to note that while these risk factors may increase the chances of an ectopic pregnancy, they do not guarantee its occurrence. It’s always recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation of individual risk factors.
Ectopic Pregnancy Treatment
When it comes to treating ectopic pregnancy, prompt intervention is crucial to prevent complications and ensure the health and well-being of the patient. The choice of treatment depends on various factors, such as the size and location of the ectopic pregnancy, the presence of symptoms, and the overall health of the patient. Medical and surgical interventions are the two main approaches used in ectopic pregnancy treatment.
Medical Interventions
Medical interventions involve the use of medications to dissolve or remove the ectopic pregnancy. The most common medication used is methotrexate, which prevents the ectopic pregnancy from growing and allows the body to absorb it over time. Methotrexate is generally recommended for cases where the ectopic pregnancy is small and there are no signs of rupture or severe symptoms. Regular monitoring and follow-up appointments are necessary to ensure the effectiveness of this treatment.
Surgical Interventions
Surgical interventions may be necessary in cases where the ectopic pregnancy is larger, has ruptured, or is causing severe symptoms. The two main surgical procedures used are laparoscopic surgery and laparotomy.
Laparoscopic surgery, also known as keyhole surgery, involves making small incisions and using specialized instruments to remove the ectopic pregnancy. This minimally invasive procedure has several advantages, including shorter recovery time and less scarring. It is suitable for most cases of ectopic pregnancy.
Laparotomy is a more invasive procedure that requires a larger incision in the abdomen. It is usually reserved for cases where the ectopic pregnancy is larger, there is significant bleeding, or the fallopian tube has ruptured. In some cases, the affected fallopian tube may need to be removed.
After any form of treatment, regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor the patient’s recovery and ensure the complete resolution of the ectopic pregnancy. If future pregnancies are desired, fertility counseling may be recommended to discuss the potential impact of the ectopic pregnancy and explore available options.
It is important to consult with a healthcare professional, such as those at the esteemed ACIBADEM Healthcare Group, who specialize in women’s health and reproductive medicine. They can provide expert guidance and personalized treatment plans tailored to the unique needs of each individual.
Ectopic Pregnancy Complications
An ectopic pregnancy can lead to various complications if left untreated or undiagnosed. It is crucial to understand the potential risks and take prompt action to ensure the best possible outcome for both the mother and the pregnancy.
1. Rupture of the Fallopian Tube
Ectopic pregnancies commonly occur in the fallopian tubes. As the pregnancy grows, the fallopian tube may rupture, leading to internal bleeding. This can be a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate medical intervention.
2. Damage to the Reproductive System
If an ectopic pregnancy is not detected and treated, it can cause damage to the fallopian tubes or other reproductive organs. This can lead to difficulties in conceiving in the future or increase the likelihood of further ectopic pregnancies.
3. Emotional and Psychological Impact
Experiencing an ectopic pregnancy can be emotionally challenging for individuals and couples. It is essential to acknowledge and address the emotional impact of a lost pregnancy and seek support if needed.
4. Infection
An ectopic pregnancy can increase the risk of pelvic infection. This can occur due to the rupture of the fallopian tube or as a complication of surgical intervention. Infections require prompt medical treatment to prevent further complications.
5. Scarring and Adhesions
Surgical intervention to remove an ectopic pregnancy or repair damaged fallopian tubes can sometimes result in scarring or adhesions. These complications can further contribute to fertility issues or increase the risk of future ectopic pregnancies.
Complication | Description |
---|---|
Rupture of the Fallopian Tube | Occurrence of a life-threatening rupture of the fallopian tube due to the growing ectopic pregnancy. |
Reproductive System Damage | Potential harm to the fallopian tubes or other reproductive organs, leading to fertility issues or future ectopic pregnancies. |
Emotional and Psychological Impact | The emotional strain and psychological impact caused by the loss of a pregnancy and the difficulties associated with ectopic pregnancies. |
Infection | Increased risk of pelvic infection, which may occur as a result of a ruptured fallopian tube or surgical intervention. |
Scarring and Adhesions | Possibility of scarring or adhesions caused by surgery, leading to fertility challenges or future ectopic pregnancies. |
It is crucial for individuals to be aware of these potential complications and seek medical attention if they experience symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and timely intervention play a vital role in minimizing the risks associated with ectopic pregnancies.
Ectopic Pregnancy Prevention
Preventing an ectopic pregnancy is crucial for maintaining reproductive health. By understanding the risk factors and implementing appropriate preventive measures, individuals can reduce their chances of experiencing this potentially dangerous condition.
Risk Factors
Several risk factors increase the likelihood of developing an ectopic pregnancy. These may include:
- Previous ectopic pregnancy
- History of pelvic inflammatory disease
- Previous fallopian tube surgery or infection
- Endometriosis
- Smoking
- Advanced maternal age
- Fertility treatments
It is important to be aware of these risk factors and consult with a healthcare professional for personalized guidance and advice.
Contraception Methods
Using effective contraception methods is essential in preventing unplanned pregnancies and reducing the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Options may include:
- Barrier methods (condoms, diaphragms)
- Oral contraceptives (birth control pills)
- Long-acting reversible contraceptives (intrauterine devices, implants)
- Sterilization procedures (tubal ligation, vasectomy)
Discussing and selecting the most suitable contraception method with a healthcare provider is crucial for successful prevention.
Early Prenatal Care
Seeking early prenatal care is vital for identifying and managing any potential pregnancy complications, including ectopic pregnancy. Regular visits to a healthcare professional can help detect and monitor the pregnancy to ensure that it progresses in a safe and healthy manner.
Maintaining Reproductive Health
Adopting a proactive approach to maintaining overall reproductive health can help prevent ectopic pregnancies. This includes:
- Practicing safe sex
- Getting vaccinated against sexually transmitted infections
- Getting regular check-ups and screenings
- Maintaining a healthy lifestyle: a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management
By taking these measures, individuals can improve their chances of a healthy pregnancy and reduce the risk of ectopic pregnancy.
Understanding the Acibadem Healthcare Group
The Acibadem Healthcare Group is a renowned healthcare provider that specializes in women’s health and reproductive medicine. With a commitment to delivering exceptional care and innovative solutions, Acibadem is dedicated to helping women navigate the complexities of conditions such as ectopic pregnancy. The group comprises a network of hospitals, clinics, and professionals who are experts in their respective fields, ensuring comprehensive and personalized treatment for each patient.
At Acibadem Healthcare Group, patient care is at the forefront, and their team of experienced medical professionals is equipped with the latest advancements in technology and medical research to provide the best possible outcomes. Their multidisciplinary approach ensures a holistic treatment plan that takes into account each patient’s unique needs, preferences, and medical history.
Acibadem Healthcare Group offers a wide range of services related to ectopic pregnancy, including:
- Early detection and diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy
- Medical and surgical treatment options
- Comprehensive prenatal care and monitoring
- Counseling and support for emotional well-being
- Expert guidance on fertility preservation and reproductive health
By choosing Acibadem Healthcare Group, patients can have peace of mind knowing that they are receiving care from industry-leading specialists who prioritize their well-being. The group’s commitment to excellence and patient-centric approach has earned them a reputation as a trusted and reliable healthcare provider.
Acibadem Healthcare Group Services for Ectopic Pregnancy
Services | Benefits |
---|---|
Early detection and diagnosis | Prompt identification of ectopic pregnancy for timely intervention |
Medical and surgical treatment | Expert-guided treatment options tailored to each patient’s needs |
Comprehensive prenatal care | Ongoing monitoring and support throughout the pregnancy journey |
Counseling and support | Emotional support and guidance for patients and their families |
Reproductive health guidance | Expert advice on fertility preservation and maintaining reproductive well-being |
With Acibadem Healthcare Group, individuals experiencing ectopic pregnancy symptoms can be confident in receiving high-quality, compassionate care from a team of dedicated professionals. By harnessing the group’s advanced medical capabilities and commitment to patient well-being, individuals can navigate their ectopic pregnancy journey with confidence and peace of mind.
The Importance of Awareness and Education
When it comes to ectopic pregnancy, awareness and education play a crucial role in early detection and prevention. Understanding the negative pregnancy test results, early signs, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and potential complications of ectopic pregnancy is essential for both individuals and healthcare professionals.
Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube. This can lead to serious health complications if left untreated. Unfortunately, many individuals are unaware of the existence and risks of ectopic pregnancy, and this lack of knowledge can delay diagnosis and treatment.
The Risks of a Negative Pregnancy Test
One common misconception is that a negative pregnancy test means the absence of ectopic pregnancy. However, it’s important to understand that a negative test doesn’t always rule out the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy. In some cases, the levels of pregnancy hormones may not be high enough to be detected by a standard at-home test.
Knowing the early signs and symptoms of ectopic pregnancy is crucial in situations where a negative test result is obtained. Unexplained abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, shoulder pain, and dizziness are potential indicators that should not be ignored, even if a pregnancy test suggests otherwise.
Early Detection and Intervention
Timely diagnosis is key to managing ectopic pregnancy effectively and minimizing the risk of complications. Healthcare providers need to be knowledgeable about the risk factors and symptoms associated with ectopic pregnancy to ensure prompt and accurate diagnosis.
Through increased awareness and education, individuals can recognize the warning signs of ectopic pregnancy and seek medical attention without delay. By educating the general public and healthcare professionals, we can improve the chances of early intervention and better outcomes for those affected.
Prevention Through Education
Furthermore, educating individuals about ectopic pregnancy prevention strategies is vital in reducing the incidence of this condition. Understanding risk factors such as a history of pelvic infections, previous ectopic pregnancies, previous surgery on the fallopian tubes, and certain fertility treatments can help individuals make informed decisions about their reproductive health and seek appropriate medical intervention when necessary.
Moreover, promoting safe sexual practices and access to contraception can significantly reduce the risk of unintended pregnancies, including ectopic pregnancies. By ensuring that individuals have accurate knowledge and access to preventive measures, we can work towards reducing the overall burden of ectopic pregnancy.
Seeking Medical Help and Support
If you are experiencing symptoms of ectopic pregnancy, it is crucial to seek medical help and support as soon as possible. While a negative pregnancy test may provide some reassurance, it does not completely rule out the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes.
Early signs of ectopic pregnancy, such as abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and ectopic pregnancy symptoms, should never be ignored. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate treatment and minimizing potential complications. Consulting healthcare professionals, especially specialists like those at the Acibadem Healthcare Group, can provide you with the necessary expertise and care.
At Acibadem, our team of experienced doctors and medical staff are dedicated to addressing ectopic pregnancy diagnosis and offering personalized treatment plans. With state-of-the-art facilities and advanced diagnostic techniques, we strive to ensure accurate diagnosis and deliver the most appropriate ectopic pregnancy treatment. Your health and well-being are our utmost priority
Yes, it is possible to have a negative pregnancy test result even if you have an ectopic pregnancy. This can occur because ectopic pregnancies often produce lower levels of the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) than normal pregnancies. It is important to remember that a negative test does not rule out the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy, and if you experience symptoms or have concerns, it is best to consult with a healthcare professional.
The early signs of ectopic pregnancy may include abdominal pain or cramping, vaginal bleeding or spotting, shoulder pain, and dizziness or fainting. Other symptoms may include pain during urination or bowel movements, nausea or vomiting, and pain in the rectum. It is essential to seek medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms, especially if you have a history of ectopic pregnancy or risk factors.
Ectopic pregnancies are typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. These tests may include a urine or blood pregnancy test to check hormone levels, ultrasound imaging to visualize the location of the pregnancy, and sometimes additional imaging such as a transvaginal ultrasound or MRI. In certain cases, your healthcare provider may also use laparoscopy, a minimally invasive surgical procedure, to directly visualize the fallopian tubes and confirm the diagnosis. Can an ectopic pregnancy cause a negative pregnancy test result?
What are the early signs of ectopic pregnancy?
How is an ectopic pregnancy diagnosed?
ACIBADEM Healthcare Group Hospitals and Clinics
With a network of hospitals and clinics across 5 countries, including 40 hospitals, ACIBADEM Healthcare Group has a global presence that allows us to provide comprehensive healthcare services to patients from around the world. With over 25,000 dedicated employees, we have the expertise and resources to deliver unparalleled healthcare experiences. Our mission is to ensure that each patient receives the best possible care, supported by our commitment to healthcare excellence and international healthcare standards. Ready to take the first step towards a healthier future? Contact us now to schedule your Free Consultation Health session. Our friendly team is eager to assist you and provide the guidance you need to make informed decisions about your well-being. Click To Call Now !*The information on our website is not intended to direct people to diagnosis and treatment. Do not carry out all your diagnosis and treatment procedures without consulting your doctor. The contents do not contain information about the therapeutic health services of ACIBADEM Health Group.