How Does a Gastric Sleeve Work? 

How Does a Gastric Sleeve Work? 

How Does a Gastric Sleeve Work? Gastric sleeve surgery, a widely favored weight loss solution, is recognized for delivering notable results to individuals grappling with obesity or excess weight. This surgical procedure involves the removal of a large portion of the stomach, leaving behind a small “sleeve” that is roughly the size and shape of a banana. The smaller stomach size enables patients to feel full sooner and eat less, assisting them in their weight loss journey. 

The process of this surgery, its effectiveness, and other pertinent details are critical to understand for anyone considering this option. This article aims to provide clear, concise information about how gastric sleeve surgery works, what the procedure entails, and how effective it can be in promoting weight loss. With an understanding of these elements, individuals can make informed decisions about their health and wellness. 

Mechanism of Gastric Sleeve Surgery 

The gastric sleeve surgery, also known as sleeve gastrectomy, operates on the principle of restriction. The procedure involves removing approximately 75-80% of the stomach, leaving behind a tubular “sleeve” roughly the size and shape of a banana. This significantly smaller stomach cannot hold as much food, which limits the amount you can comfortably eat and drink at one time. This is the primary mechanism through which gastric sleeve surgery promotes weight loss. 

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However, the effects of gastric sleeve surgery are not purely physical. The surgery also impacts the levels of gut hormones that impact hunger, satiety, and blood sugar control. Following the procedure, changes in gut hormones help promote weight loss by reducing hunger and enhancing feelings of fullness after meals. Notably, the reduction in stomach size also decreases the production of ghrelin, often referred to as the ‘hunger hormone’, thereby reducing feelings of hunger. 

Moreover, gastric sleeve surgery has been found to have positive effects on diabetes and other comorbid conditions associated with obesity. By promoting weight loss and altering hormone levels, this surgical procedure can help improve or even resolve some obesity-related conditions. Even though the primary mechanism for weight loss is limiting food intake capacity, it’s important to note that long-term success also depends on commitment to lifestyle changes including diet and exercise post-surgery. 

Procedure 

The gastric sleeve surgery is a laparoscopic procedure, which means it is minimally invasive. It is performed under general anesthesia to ensure patient comfort throughout the process. The surgeon begins by making several small incisions in the abdomen, through which surgical instruments and a camera are inserted. The camera provides a live video feed that guides the surgeon during the operation. 

In the next step, the surgeon uses a stapling device to divide the stomach into two parts. The larger portion is disconnected from the smaller part, leaving about 15-20% of the original stomach size. This newly created smaller stomach or ‘sleeve’ is sealed with staples. The larger portion of the stomach is then carefully removed through one of the small incisions. This part of the procedure is irreversible as the removed section of the stomach cannot be replaced. 

Upon completion of the surgery, the incisions are closed using sutures or surgical tape. Patients can usually expect to stay in the hospital for one to two days post-surgery for monitoring and recovery. Once discharged, patients are typically provided with nutrition and exercise guidelines to follow while they recover at home. It’s important to remember that while gastric sleeve surgery can provide a powerful tool for weight loss, it’s not a standalone solution; it needs to be accompanied by sustainable lifestyle changes for long-term success.

Effectiveness 

Gastric sleeve surgery has proven to be highly effective in promoting significant weight loss. On average, patients can expect to lose around 60-70% of their excess body weight within the first year after surgery. This rapid and substantial weight loss is largely due to the reduced stomach size, which limits food intake, and changes in gut hormones, which reduce appetite and increase satiety. 

However, the effectiveness of the surgery is not solely measured by weight loss. Gastric sleeve surgery has also been associated with improvements in obesity-related health conditions such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, and more. In many cases, these improvements happen rapidly after surgery, even before significant weight loss occurs. These additional health benefits significantly enhance the quality of life for individuals undergoing this procedure. 

While gastric sleeve surgery offers a powerful weight-loss tool, it’s crucial to remember that maintaining this weight loss requires commitment to lifestyle modifications. A balanced diet and regular physical activity are crucial for sustaining the weight loss achieved through this surgery. Additionally, regular follow-up visits with the healthcare team are essential for monitoring progress and addressing any potential issues early on. The surgery is an effective tool, but long-term success depends on using this tool alongside healthy lifestyle habits. 

How Does a Gastric Sleeve Work?: Frequently Asked Questions