How To Avoid Frozen Shoulder?
How To Avoid Frozen Shoulder? Exercises play a crucial role in preventing frozen shoulder. Regularly engaging in exercises that target the shoulder muscles can improve stability and reduce the risk of injury.
By identifying and modifying activities that put excessive stress on your shoulders, you can reduce the chances of developing this debilitating condition.
Furthermore, incorporating warm-up exercises and stretches into your routine can prepare your shoulders for movement and decrease the risk of injury. Avoiding sudden impact or trauma to your shoulders, as well as giving them adequate rest and recovery time, are also crucial in maintaining shoulder health.
Let’s explore the exercises, techniques, and lifestyle changes that can help you avoid the pain and limitations caused by frozen shoulder.
Understanding Frozen Shoulder
Before diving into prevention techniques, it’s important to understand what frozen shoulder is. Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by shoulder stiffness and pain. It occurs when the connective tissue surrounding the shoulder joint becomes thickened and tight, leading to restricted movement and discomfort. Frozen shoulder can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life, making it essential to take steps to prevent its onset.
Causes of Frozen Shoulder
The exact cause of frozen shoulder is still unknown, but certain factors can increase the risk of developing this condition. These include:
- Prolonged immobilization of the shoulder
- Injury or trauma to the shoulder
- Diabetes
- Thyroid disorders
- Autoimmune conditions
Understanding the potential causes can help individuals take proactive measures to prevent frozen shoulder.
Recognizing the Symptoms
The symptoms of frozen shoulder typically develop gradually and progress through three stages:
- Freezing stage: Shoulder pain and stiffness begin to develop, making it challenging to move the shoulder.
- Frozen stage: Pain may decrease, but stiffness and restricted movement become more pronounced.
- Thawing stage: Shoulder movement gradually improves, and pain diminishes over time.
It’s important to note that the duration of each stage can vary from person to person.
Preventing Frozen Shoulder
Prevention plays a crucial role in avoiding the onset of frozen shoulder. By implementing the following strategies, individuals can minimize the risk of developing this condition:
- Engage in regular shoulder stretching and range of motion exercises to maintain flexibility and prevent stiffness.
- Avoid repetitive or overuse movements that can strain the shoulder joint.
- Practice correct posture and ergonomics during activities to reduce stress on the shoulder.
- Gradually increase the intensity and duration of physical activities to prevent shoulder injuries.
- Seek professional help if experiencing persistent shoulder pain or suspect a shoulder injury.
By incorporating these preventive measures into your daily routine, you can protect your shoulders and maintain optimal shoulder health.
| Tips to Prevent Frozen Shoulder | |
|---|---|
| Engage in regular shoulder stretching and range of motion exercises. | Practice correct posture and ergonomics during activities. |
| Avoid repetitive or overuse movements that can strain the shoulder joint. | Gradually increase the intensity and duration of physical activities. |
| Seek professional help if experiencing persistent shoulder pain or suspect a shoulder injury. | |
Importance of Shoulder Mobility
Maintaining good shoulder mobility is essential for preventing frozen shoulder and minimizing shoulder pain and stiffness. When the shoulder joint becomes stiff and loses mobility, daily activities such as reaching, lifting, and even dressing can become challenging and painful.
Regular shoulder mobility exercises and stretches can help improve flexibility, increase range of motion, and strengthen the muscles around the shoulder joint. By incorporating these exercises into your routine, you can reduce the risk of developing frozen shoulder and promote overall shoulder health.
Here are some effective shoulder mobility exercises that you can incorporate into your workout routine or daily life:
- Arm circles: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Extend your arms straight out to the sides and make small circles in a clockwise direction. Gradually increase the size of the circles. Repeat 10 times and then switch to counterclockwise circles for another 10 repetitions.
- Shoulder rolls: Stand up straight with your arms relaxed at your sides. Gently roll your shoulders forward, then upward, then backward in a smooth circular motion. Repeat 10 times, then reverse the direction for another 10 repetitions.
- Wall slides: Stand with your back against a wall, feet shoulder-width apart, and arms relaxed at your sides. Slowly slide your arms up the wall, keeping your shoulders and elbows in contact with the wall at all times. Slide your arms as high as you comfortably can without any pain. Hold for a few seconds, then slowly lower your arms back down. Repeat 10 times.
In addition to these exercises, it’s important to stretch the muscles around the shoulders to enhance flexibility and prevent stiffness. Here are a few shoulder stretches you can try:
- Shoulder cross-body stretch: Extend one arm across your chest and use your other arm to gently pull the extended arm closer to your body. Hold the stretch for 20-30 seconds, then switch sides and repeat.
- Shoulder behind-the-back stretch: Extend one arm behind your back and reach upward toward the opposite shoulder blade. Use your other hand to gently push the extended arm closer to your body. Hold the stretch for 20-30 seconds, then switch sides and repeat.
Remember to perform these exercises and stretches in a slow and controlled manner, listening to your body and avoiding any movements or positions that cause pain or discomfort. If you have any existing shoulder issues or injuries, it’s best to consult with a healthcare professional or physical therapist before starting any new exercise routine.
By prioritizing shoulder mobility and incorporating these exercises and stretches into your daily routine, you can maintain healthy shoulder function and reduce the risk of developing frozen shoulder.
Warm-Up Exercises and Stretches
Prior to engaging in any physical activity, it’s crucial to properly warm up your shoulders. This prepares your muscles and joints for movement, reducing the risk of injury and preventing frozen shoulder. Incorporating a variety of warm-up exercises and stretches into your routine can enhance shoulder mobility and flexibility.
Shoulder Stretches
Stretching is a vital component of shoulder warm-up exercises. By focusing on specific stretches that target the shoulder muscles, you can improve range of motion and alleviate any tension or tightness in the area. Here are a few effective shoulder stretches:
- Arm Across Chest Stretch: Stand tall and cross one arm in front of your chest. Use your opposite hand to gently pull the crossed arm closer to your body, feeling the stretch in your shoulder. Hold for 15-30 seconds and repeat on the other side.
- Overhead Reach and Stretch: Stand or sit upright and raise one arm over your head. Bend your elbow and let your hand touch the upper-middle part of your back. Use your opposite hand to gently push the bent arm further, feeling the stretch in your shoulder. Hold for 15-30 seconds and repeat on the other side.
- Wall Stretch: Stand facing a wall and extend one arm forward at shoulder height. Place your palm against the wall and slowly rotate your body away, feeling the stretch in your shoulder. Hold for 15-30 seconds and repeat on the other side.
Shoulder Warm-Up Exercises
Alongside shoulder stretches, incorporating warm-up exercises can boost blood circulation, increase flexibility, and improve joint mobility in your shoulders. Here are a few effective warm-up exercises to try:
| Exercise | Description |
|---|---|
| Shoulder Rolls | Stand tall with your arms relaxed at your sides. Slowly roll your shoulders forward in a circular motion, completing 10-15 rotations. Then, reverse the direction and roll your shoulders backward. |
| Arm Circles | Extend your arms out to the sides, parallel to the floor. Make small circular motions with your arms, gradually increasing the size of the circles. Complete 10-15 circles in each direction. |
| Scapular Squeezes | Stand or sit upright with your arms by your sides. Squeeze your shoulder blades together, imagining you’re trying to hold a pencil between them. Hold for a few seconds, then release. Repeat 10-15 times. |
| Arm Swings | Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Swing your arms gently forward and backward in a controlled manner, gradually increasing the range of motion. Complete 10-15 swings in each direction. |
Remember to perform these warm-up exercises and stretches gently, without exerting excessive force. Listen to your body and adjust the intensity as needed. By incorporating these warm-up routines into your physical activities, you can help prevent frozen shoulder and promote optimal shoulder health.
Correct Posture and Ergonomics
Maintaining correct posture and practicing ergonomic principles are essential for preventing shoulder injuries and promoting overall musculoskeletal health. Poor posture and improper ergonomics can put unnecessary strain on your shoulder muscles, leading to discomfort and increased risk of conditions like frozen shoulder.
Here are some tips and techniques to improve your posture and create a more ergonomic environment in your daily activities:
1. Sit and Stand Tall:
Whether you’re sitting at a desk or standing, maintaining proper posture is crucial. Sit with your back straight, shoulders relaxed, and both feet flat on the floor. When standing, distribute your weight evenly on both feet, keeping your head aligned with your spine.
2. Adjust Your Workstation:
If you spend long hours working at a desk, ensure that your workstation is set up ergonomically. Adjust your chair, keyboard, and monitor height to promote neutral wrist and shoulder positions. Use a supportive chair with adjustable lumbar support to maintain good posture.
3. Take Regular Breaks:
Avoid prolonged periods of sitting or standing in one position. Take short breaks every 30 minutes to stretch and move your shoulders. Incorporate exercises like shoulder rolls or stretches to alleviate tension and improve blood circulation.
4. Use Proper Lifting Techniques:
When lifting heavy objects, use your leg muscles and keep your back straight. Avoid using your shoulder muscles to lift the weight, as this can put excessive strain on them. If the load is too heavy, seek assistance to prevent shoulder injuries.
5. Maintain Proper Sleeping Posture:
Your sleeping position can also affect your shoulder health. Avoid sleeping on your stomach as it can lead to misalignment and increased pressure on your shoulders. Instead, sleep on your side or back with a supportive pillow to maintain a neutral spine and shoulder position.
By incorporating these practices into your daily life, you can improve your posture, reduce the risk of frozen shoulder, and promote overall shoulder health.
Avoiding Overuse and Repetitive Movements
Overuse injuries can take a toll on the shoulder, increasing the risk of developing frozen shoulder. It is crucial to be aware of activities that involve repetitive movements and modify them to prevent excessive stress on the shoulders, minimizing the chances of injury.
Repetitive movements often involve performing the same action repeatedly, such as lifting objects or using a computer mouse for extended periods without breaks. These activities can strain the muscles and tendons in the shoulder, leading to overuse injuries and potentially frozen shoulder.
Symptoms of Overuse Injuries
Understanding the symptoms of overuse injuries can help identify warning signs and take appropriate action. Common symptoms include:
- Gradual onset of pain
- Increased pain with activity
- Stiffness or reduced range of motion
- Tenderness or swelling
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to listen to your body and give your shoulders a break. Ignoring the signs can lead to further complications and longer recovery periods.
Modifying Activities to Prevent Overuse
By making a few adjustments to your daily routine, you can decrease the risk of overuse injuries and frozen shoulder. Here are some practical tips:
- Take regular breaks: Whether you’re involved in manual labor or spend long hours in front of a computer, take frequent breaks to rest your shoulders and avoid prolonged repetitive movements.
- Vary your tasks: If possible, alternate between different tasks throughout the day to distribute the stress on your shoulders more evenly.
- Use proper form and technique: Ensure you use proper body mechanics and techniques when lifting heavy objects to avoid unnecessary strain on your shoulders.
- Stretch and strengthen: Incorporate shoulder stretches and strengthening exercises into your fitness routine to improve muscle balance and prevent overuse injuries.
By implementing these modifications and being mindful of your shoulder health, you can effectively prevent overuse injuries and reduce the risk of developing frozen shoulder.
| Activity | Modification |
|---|---|
| Lifting heavy objects | Use proper lifting techniques, such as bending your knees and keeping the load close to your body |
| Working at a computer | Take regular breaks to stretch and relax your shoulders, use ergonomic equipment and adjust your workstation to maintain proper posture |
| Repetitive sports movements | Include cross-training activities to engage different muscle groups and avoid excessive stress on the shoulders |
| Gardening or household chores | Break up tasks into smaller segments, use ergonomic tools, and take frequent breaks to rest your shoulders |
Strengthening Exercises for Shoulders
One of the key ways to prevent frozen shoulder and improve shoulder stability is through targeted shoulder strengthening exercises. By strengthening the muscles surrounding the shoulder joint, you can enhance its stability and reduce the risk of shoulder injuries. Incorporating these exercises into your routine can help maintain shoulder health and prevent the onset of frozen shoulder.
1. Shoulder Press
The shoulder press is an effective exercise for strengthening the muscles in your shoulders. To perform this exercise:
- Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart.
- Hold a dumbbell in each hand at shoulder level, with your palms facing forward.
- Press the dumbbells upward until your arms are fully extended overhead.
- Slowly lower the dumbbells back to shoulder level.
- Repeat for the desired number of repetitions.
This exercise targets the deltoid muscles, which play a significant role in shoulder stability.
2. Bent-Over Rows
Bent-over rows are another excellent exercise for strengthening the muscles in your shoulders and upper back. To perform this exercise:
- Place your feet shoulder-width apart and bend your knees slightly.
- Hold a dumbbell in each hand, palms facing inward.
- Lean forward at the hips, keeping your back straight and your chest lifted.
- Engage your core and pull the dumbbells toward your chest, squeezing your shoulder blades together.
- Slowly lower the dumbbells back to the starting position.
- Repeat for the desired number of repetitions.
Bent-over rows target the rhomboids and trapezius muscles, which contribute to shoulder strength and stability.
3. External Rotations
External rotations are a great exercise for targeting the rotator cuff muscles, which help stabilize the shoulder joint. To perform this exercise:
- Stand with your feet hip-width apart and hold a resistance band or light dumbbell in one hand.
- Position your elbow against your side, bent at a 90-degree angle.
- Rotate your forearm outward, away from your body, while keeping your elbow against your side.
- Squeeze your shoulder blade as you perform the rotation.
- Slowly return to the starting position.
- Repeat for the desired number of repetitions, then switch arms.
This exercise targets the infraspinatus and teres minor muscles, which are essential for shoulder stability and external rotation.
4. Push-Ups
Push-ups are a classic exercise that works multiple muscle groups, including the muscles in your shoulders and chest. To perform a push-up:
- Start in a high plank position, with your hands slightly wider than shoulder-width apart.
- Lower your body toward the ground by bending your elbows, keeping your back straight.
- Push through your palms to extend your arms and return to the starting position.
- Repeat for the desired number of repetitions.
Push-ups engage the pectoralis major, deltoids, and triceps, helping to strengthen the entire shoulder girdle.
By incorporating these shoulder strengthening exercises into your fitness routine, you can enhance shoulder stability and reduce the risk of frozen shoulder. Remember to start with light weights or resistance bands and gradually increase the intensity as your strength improves. If you experience any pain or discomfort, consult a healthcare professional before continuing with these exercises.
Avoiding Sudden Impact or Trauma
When it comes to preventing shoulder injuries and reducing the risk of developing frozen shoulder, it’s important to avoid sudden impact or trauma to your shoulders. Traumatic events like falls or accidents can lead to severe shoulder injuries that can disrupt your daily life. By taking precautionary measures and implementing techniques to minimize the risk of sudden impact, you can protect your shoulders and maintain their health.
1. Practice Mindful Movement
One way to reduce the chances of sudden impact or trauma to your shoulders is by practicing mindful movement. This involves being aware of your surroundings and potential hazards that may pose a risk to your shoulders. Whether you’re participating in sports, working out, or going about your daily activities, pay attention to your body and take necessary steps to avoid situations that could result in shoulder injury.
2. Use Protective Gear
Wearing protective gear can provide an extra layer of safeguarding for your shoulders during activities that involve a higher risk of sudden impact. For example, if you’re engaging in contact sports or participating in exercises that require repetitive movement, consider using shoulder pads or braces. These protective accessories can absorb impact and minimize the risk of injury to your shoulders.
3. Maintain a Safe Environment
Ensure that your surroundings are free from hazards that could lead to sudden impact or trauma to your shoulders. Keep your living and workspaces clutter-free, eliminating objects or obstacles that may cause you to trip or fall. Additionally, make sure that any equipment or furniture you use on a regular basis is properly maintained and in good working condition to prevent accidents and injuries.
4. Focus on Proper Technique
Whether you’re lifting heavy objects, playing sports, or performing exercises, using proper technique is vital in avoiding sudden impact that could harm your shoulders. Take the time to learn and practice correct form and technique for different activities. If you’re unsure about how to perform a particular movement safely, seek guidance from a qualified professional or trainer to reduce the risk of sudden impact or trauma.
By adopting these techniques and being mindful of your movements, you can lower the likelihood of sudden impact or trauma to your shoulders, minimizing the risk of developing frozen shoulder. Remember, prevention is key in maintaining optimal shoulder health. Take the necessary steps to protect your shoulders and enjoy a pain-free, active lifestyle.
Rest and Recovery
Giving your shoulders the rest and recovery time they need is essential for maintaining their health and preventing issues like frozen shoulder. Rest and recovery techniques not only allow your shoulder muscles and tissues to heal but also help in preventing further strain or injury. Here are some tips and techniques to help you effectively rest and recover your shoulders:
1. Adequate Rest:
Make sure you prioritize getting enough sleep and rest each night to allow your body, including your shoulders, to recover and heal. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep every night to promote optimal shoulder health.
2. Ice and Heat Therapy:
Applying ice packs or cold therapy to your shoulders can help reduce inflammation and pain after intense physical activity or shoulder injury. Use a cold pack or bag of ice wrapped in a cloth, and apply it to the affected area for 15-20 minutes. Alternatively, heat therapy through warm compresses can help relax your shoulder muscles and promote blood circulation, aiding in the recovery process.
3. Gentle Stretching:
Performing gentle stretching exercises for your shoulders can help improve flexibility and relieve tension. Incorporate stretching into your recovery routine but ensure you do not overstretch or push beyond your comfort zone to avoid further strain or injury.
4. Massage and Self-Myofascial Release:
Consider getting a professional massage or using self-myofascial release techniques like foam rolling to release tension and promote muscle recovery in your shoulders. These techniques can help improve blood flow and alleviate muscle tightness or trigger points.
5. Gradual Return to Activity:
If you’ve experienced shoulder pain or injury, it’s crucial to gradually return to your usual activities or exercise routines. Avoid rushing back into intense physical activity too soon, as it can worsen your condition or lead to reinjury. Start with low-impact activities and gradually increase the intensity and duration over time.
Remember, rest and recovery are as important as exercise and movement when it comes to maintaining shoulder health and preventing frozen shoulder. By taking proper care of your shoulders and allowing them adequate time to heal and recover, you can minimize the risk of developing shoulder-related issues and ensure optimal shoulder function.
Regular Stretching and Range of Motion Exercises
To prevent frozen shoulder and maintain shoulder mobility, incorporating regular stretching and range of motion exercises into your routine is essential.
Stretching helps improve flexibility and increases the range of motion in your shoulder joint. It can also reduce muscle tension and alleviate stiffness, preventing the onset of frozen shoulder.
There are various stretching exercises you can perform to target the muscles surrounding the shoulder. These exercises include:
- Arm circles: Stand with your arms extended out to the sides and make small circles in both directions. Gradually increase the size of the circles to gently stretch the shoulder muscles.
- Shoulder rolls: Roll your shoulders forward and backward in a circular motion. This exercise helps loosen up the shoulder muscles and promotes mobility.
- Doorway stretch: Stand in a doorway and place your hands on the doorframe at shoulder height. Lean forward to feel a stretch in your chest and shoulders.
- Overhead reach: Extend one arm overhead and reach for the opposite side. Hold the stretch for a few seconds and repeat on the other side. This exercise helps improve shoulder flexibility.
In addition to stretching, range of motion exercises are crucial for maintaining shoulder mobility. These exercises involve moving your shoulder joint through its full range of motion. Examples of range of motion exercises include:
- Shoulder circles: Stand with your arms relaxed at your sides. Slowly move your shoulders in a circular motion, clockwise and counterclockwise.
- Shoulder flexion and extension: Raise your arms in front of you and then extend them behind you. Repeat this motion several times to improve shoulder flexibility.
- Shoulder abduction and adduction: Start with your arms relaxed at your sides. Raise them out to the sides and then bring them back down. This exercise helps enhance the range of motion in your shoulder.
By regularly performing these stretching and range of motion exercises, you can promote shoulder flexibility, prevent stiffness, and reduce the risk of frozen shoulder.
| Exercise | Description |
|---|---|
| Arm circles | Stand with your arms extended out to the sides and make small circles in both directions to gently stretch the shoulder muscles. |
| Shoulder rolls | Roll your shoulders forward and backward in a circular motion to loosen up the shoulder muscles and promote mobility. |
| Doorway stretch | Stand in a doorway and place your hands on the doorframe at shoulder height. Lean forward to feel a stretch in your chest and shoulders. |
| Overhead reach | Extend one arm overhead and reach for the opposite side. Hold the stretch for a few seconds and repeat on the other side to improve shoulder flexibility. |
| Shoulder circles | Stand with your arms relaxed at your sides and slowly move your shoulders in a circular motion, clockwise and counterclockwise. |
| Shoulder flexion and extension | Raise your arms in front of you and then extend them behind you. Repeat this motion several times to improve shoulder flexibility. |
| Shoulder abduction and adduction | Start with your arms relaxed at your sides. Raise them out to the sides and then bring them back down to enhance the range of motion in your shoulder. |
Seeking Professional Help
If you’re experiencing persistent shoulder pain or suspect a shoulder injury, it’s important to seek professional help. Don’t ignore the problem and risk further complications. By consulting experts in shoulder care, you can receive the guidance and treatment necessary to prevent frozen shoulder and regain optimal shoulder function.
One reputable healthcare provider that offers specialized shoulder care is the Acibadem Healthcare Group. With a team of experienced orthopedic specialists and advanced medical facilities, Acibadem Healthcare Group provides comprehensive care for a wide range of shoulder conditions.
Shoulder Care Advice from Acibadem Healthcare Group
Acibadem Healthcare Group understands the importance of early intervention and personalized care when it comes to shoulder health. They offer a range of services and resources to assist patients in preventing frozen shoulder and managing shoulder-related issues.
- Diagnostic Assessments: Acibadem Healthcare Group utilizes advanced diagnostic tools and techniques to accurately diagnose shoulder injuries and conditions. This allows for targeted treatment plans designed to alleviate pain and prevent further damage.
- Treatment Options: The experts at Acibadem Healthcare Group employ a multidisciplinary approach to shoulder care, combining conservative treatments, such as physiotherapy and medication, with minimally invasive procedures or surgical interventions when necessary.
- Rehabilitation Programs: To support optimal recovery and prevent the recurrence of shoulder issues, Acibadem Healthcare Group offers tailored rehabilitation programs. These programs focus on strengthening the shoulder muscles, improving range of motion, and promoting long-term shoulder health.
- Educational Resources: Acibadem Healthcare Group provides educational resources and advice on shoulder care, including tips to prevent frozen shoulder, exercises for shoulder health, and lifestyle modifications to alleviate shoulder pain and discomfort.
By seeking professional help at Acibadem Healthcare Group, you can access expert guidance, personalized treatment plans, and valuable shoulder care advice. Don’t let shoulder pain or discomfort limit your daily activities – take the necessary steps to prevent and manage frozen shoulder effectively.
How to Maintain Shoulder Health in Daily Life
To prevent frozen shoulder and maintain optimal shoulder function, it’s important to incorporate practical tips and lifestyle changes into your daily routine. By making small adjustments, you can significantly enhance your shoulder health and reduce the risk of shoulder injuries.
One of the key tips for shoulder health is to engage in regular shoulder exercises and stretches. This helps improve flexibility, prevent stiffness, and enhance range of motion. Incorporate exercises specifically targeting the shoulders into your workout routine, such as lateral raises, shoulder presses, and external rotations.
Additionally, practicing good posture is crucial for shoulder health. Maintain a straight back, align your ears with your shoulders, and avoid hunching forward. Proper posture reduces stress on the shoulders and helps prevent muscle imbalances that can lead to injuries.
Another important aspect of maintaining shoulder health is avoiding excessive strain and overuse. Be mindful of your daily activities and take breaks when performing repetitive motions. If you engage in physical work or sports, ensure you have proper technique and equipment to minimize the risk of shoulder injuries.
FAQ
How can I prevent frozen shoulder?
To prevent frozen shoulder, it is important to maintain shoulder mobility through regular exercises and stretches. Additionally, avoid overuse and repetitive movements, practice correct posture and ergonomics, and strengthen the muscles surrounding the shoulder joint. Seeking professional help when needed and incorporating rest and recovery into your routine also play a crucial role in preventing frozen shoulder.
What exercises can I do to prevent frozen shoulder?
There are several exercises you can do to prevent frozen shoulder. Some effective exercises include shoulder stretches, warm-up exercises, range of motion exercises, and shoulder strengthening exercises. These exercises help improve flexibility, mobility, and stability in the shoulder joint, reducing the risk of frozen shoulder.
How important is shoulder mobility in preventing frozen shoulder?
Maintaining good shoulder mobility is vital in preventing frozen shoulder. By regularly performing shoulder mobility exercises and stretches, you can keep the shoulder joint mobile, reduce stiffness, and minimize the likelihood of developing frozen shoulder.
